Quantum coherence remains a fundamental challenge for advancing quantum technologies. Although dynamical decoupling can suppress decoherence noise, control errors can cause the overestimation of decoherence times. Here, we present Hadamard phase cycling, a scalable non-Markovian quantum error mitigation method using group-structured phase configurations to select target coherence pathways. Validated across molecular electron spins, nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, nuclear spins, trapped ions, and superconducting qubits, this technique enables accurate decoherence time characterization and enhanced state fidelity with linear complexity. Our results show that control-induced coherence-population mixing can substantially prolong measured echo decays in the systems studied. This mechanism provides grounds to question decoherence times obtained under comparable conditions when population-mediated contributions have not been excluded. By selecting target coherence pathways, Hadamard phase cycling establishes a robust framework for reliable quantum control, paving the way for reassessment and advancement of coherence benchmarks in the NISQ era.