ArXiv · 2025
We present a general method for engineering qudits through individually addressable transitions between Zeeman sublevels, achieved by combining a large linear Zeeman shift with a state-dependent light shift. This approach lifts the degeneracy between adjacent states while simultaneously tuning their energy splittings into the radio-frequency (RF) domain, enabling coherent manipulation within the Zeeman manifold using experimentally accessible drive frequencies. As a concrete realization, we investigate the implementation of an SU(5) quintet encoded in the Zeeman sublevels of the long-lived ³P₂ state of neutral ⁸⁸Sr atoms confined in far-detuned, σ⁻-polarized optical tweezers. Using realistic experimental parameters, we numerically demonstrate full control of the quintet manifold, including initialization into a specific SU(5) basis state via a multi-photon transfer, coherent state- and site-selective single-qudit rotations driven by RF fields, and fast state-selective optical readout. Our simulations predict state-preparation fidelities of F ≃ 0.99 within less than 1 us, single-qudit gate fidelities of F ≃ 0.99 with π-pulse durations of ∼1.4 us, and fast destructive imaging with durations below 10 us under ideal conditions. These results establish a broadly applicable framework for high-fidelity control of Zeeman sublevel-encoded qudits and highlight the ³P₂ manifold in strontium as a promising platform for scalable qudit-based quantum technologies.
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