The surface of a quantum material provides a distinct electronic environment in which reconstruction can stabilize states absent from the bulk. However, whether light can persistently reconfigure this surface-bulk electronic contrast remains unclear. Here we demonstrate nonvolatile and reversible optical insulator-to-metal switching at the surface of the charge density wave (CDW) material 1T-TaSe2, whose bulk is metallic. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals that a single femtosecond pulse creates a persistent metallic surface state. Heating or optical pulse trains restore the insulating state. Comparison of the measured band structures with first-principles calculations associates the two electronic states with distinct near-surface CDW stacking configurations that modify interlayer-mediated electron hopping. Layer-resolved calculations further show insulating outer layers above a metallic interior in the equilibrium configuration, whereas metallic states reach the outermost layer in the configuration associated with the photoinduced state. Our results establish persistent optical control of surface metallicity and open a route to reconfiguring the effective surface-bulk electronic boundary in layered quantum materials.