ArXiv · 2026
In a Josephson junction network, anisotropic coupling between spin triplet pairing correlations can lead to frustrated d vector textures that support spontaneous Josephson currents and nonintegral flux trapping. Such networks can appear in superconducting polycrystals, as well as single-crystal superconductors. In analogy to classical spin systems, in which the presence of geometric frustration and anisotropic superexchange can lead to nontrivial spin textures, Josephson networks with anisotropic Josephson couplings cannot simultaneously optimize their U(1) superconducting phase differences and relative d vector orientations. The internal pairing structure of Cooper pairs twists as they tunnel across the Josephson junction, and the d vector texture enters as an emergent geometric phase which can spontaneously trap fractional flux. For real-valued Josephson couplings between unitary d vectors, the emergent geometric phase reduces to a Z₂ structure, allowing for spontaneous π-flux trapping above a critical antisymmetric coupling, distinct from usual half-quantum vortices. Further, we demonstrate a continuously tunable nonintegral flux for complex Josephson couplings. The results of this work reveal new routes to engineer frustrated Josephson networks from the interplay of magnetic textures and spin triplet superconducting pairing order.
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