ArXiv · 2026
We investigate satellite survival through gas redistribution in a dense circumplanetary disk with a low dimensionless viscosity parameter α ∼ 10⁻⁶. The model combines modal Lindblad excitation, launch-dependent shock deposition, 3D effects, and an instantaneous Rayleigh adjustment that conserves angular momentum and suppresses sharp density gradients. An isolated Ganymede-mass satellite depletes the disk outside its orbit and stalls under a calibrated three-dimensional Lindblad torque. This behavior is consistent with the non-feedback branch of Rafikov's stalling criterion. The inward migration stalls near 15 Jupiter radii (R_J) when the gas depletion exterior to the satellite's orbit reduces the outer torque by the amount required to balance the torque of the undepleted inner disk, even when we adopt a transport prescription that begins smoothing density gradients halfway to Rayleigh marginality. Likewise, two Callisto masses form an extended depleted region and stall in nearly steady orbits before a late close encounter; however, a self-consistent disk response to satellite eccentricity remains to be modeled. A simulation of a Ganymede-mass satellite adds a specified source of unsaturated local angular momentum deposition by buoyancy torques, reducing the late radial oscillations indirectly caused by non-local shock deposition. Lastly, we redistribute gas while conserving angular momentum to proactively inhibit Rossby-wave unstable pressure bumps at the gap edges. We find that this approach preserves gap clearing and strong migration suppression for Ganymede and the two Callisto masses. In the pressure-adjusted run, the two Callisto masses are captured in a 7:5 resonance and retain eccentricities below 0.06.
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